Marketing plans of pamper baby diaper Essay

A fruitful showcasing is the capacity of an organization to execute plans for origination, dispatch, evaluating, advancement, and circulation of an item or administration to fulfill both; the objective customers’ needs just as organization’s objectives. In this manner, dealing with the market of an item requires huge dynamic concerning distinguishing the objective market, surveying its situating in the brains of purchasers, structuring appropriate valuing strategy, and guaranteeing accessibility of the item to all the client sections. Our goals are to remake the brand and addition more noteworthy piece of the overall industry. we recommend that the organization should do more advancement as opposed to dropping the cost. The manners in which utilized are by promoting through various mediums so as to make customers’ brand mindfulness and dedication towards our items and to expand our business volume. For the principal year, Procter and Gamble will concentrate on serious promoting where Pampers can call attention to their uncommon highlights, uses and points of interest comparative with contending brands. Over the long haul, Procter and Gamble are likewise wanting to agree with medical clinics where specialists and attendants are urged to utilize our items for new conceived babies. With this, we can by implication draw in parents’ consideration and this prompts quality persuading and brand dedication all through all the phases of children development, be it with doctors’ exhort or simply sharing stories among different guardians. The 4-Level of Prizes is another advancement system that we are unequivocally persuaded on. Clients are physcologically headed to continue purchasing Pampers’ items so as to amass focuses and recover prizes. In the perspective on item advancement, we Pampers will improve our items by offering a more extensive scope of sizes, thicker i n breath and eco well disposed diapers. For instance, because of the expansion in the customer’s consciousness of the earth, Pampers will advertise green diapers where every product offering is created to the phase of an infant toddler’s life in like manner. In spending sense, Pampers is contributing expanding benefit to Procter and Gamble by arriving at benefit up to USD 5369 million in year 2008. This number later moved up to USD 5471 million of every 2009 and USD 5736 million out of 2010. By this, we accept we can develop our business and more prominent investor and partner an incentive by carrying advancements to the commercial center that can update the expectations for everyday comforts of buyers at all monetary levels. Activity PROGRAMS Item (What will be finished?) Advancement on thicker diapers with fragrance will be finished. Since pee and movement make terrible smells, Pampers scientists suggested that diapers accompany aroma and thicker in broadness to ingest overwhelming spillages with no scent for extended periods of time. A greater scope of size decisions will likewise be offered to take care of the issue of restricted sizes accessible in market to fit all infants in each stage. Likewise, we are offering eco well disposed diapers whereby these green diapers can be cleaned effectively and recycable. Cost (What will be finished?) Spoils must set sensible costs dependent on its proposed creation cost on material utilized. Additionally, Pampers need to direct reference estimating, which is ever-mindful of what costs their rivals are offering in the market. On the off chance that the costs set is higher than consumer’s desire, shoppers will be bound to go to the competitors’ items. Spot (what will be finished?) Items ought to be put at obvious stores to make clients based mindfulness. Among the spots that are reasonable to disseminate Pampers tests are places like guardians workshop, nurseries, general store, and so forth. Advancement (what will be finished?) Spoils can move business advertisements utilizing various sorts of mediums, for example, TVs and radios. Likewise, advertisers can make use on blogging system. Site posting by certain bloggers who are likewise unseasoned parents can be good examples for their supporters can be helpful as well. Financial plans Spoil Baby Dry diapers spending plans is to accomplish the objective benefit and contend with other contender from year 2008 to 2010.In year 2008 and 2009,Pamper chose to deals the item (Baby Dry Diapers) about $5,395 milion and $5500 milion.Pampers do advertising,promotion and appropriation to accomplish the objective profit.The absolute costs utilized in years 2008 and 2009 is $26 million and $29 million with the distinction $3 million.In years 2010,Pampers deals is $5775 million with the complete costs $39 million.Therefore,Pampers target benefit from years 2008 to 2010 is $5,369 million,$5,471 million and $5,736 million.Overall,pampers can get productive inside this couple of years is because of the advertising,promotion and dissemination. CONTROLS Procter and Gamble Company are extremely positive to accomplish their organization objective. They attempt to expand their organization perceivability, utilizing piece of the pie investigating to rival others contenders and centering in quality control to draw in the Asia showcase. CURRENT MARKETING SITUATION Market Description: Spoils entered the market in year 1961 and has gotten one of the dominators in America. In year 2008, Pampers reported that it would expand costs somewhere in the range of 6% and 8% because of the expansion in the cost of crude materials. Then again, there is various clients who knew about the ecological issues. Along these lines, fabric diapers encountered a little resurgence in year 2008. In any case, clients are more into the effect on the costs and the earth issues. Spoils keeps on making offers and green diapers to fulfill customers’ needs. Item Review: In 2009, USA Market deals came to $5500.17 million with 51.1% gross benefit in June 2009.The item blend for spoils is wide and contains explicit profound line. Spoils Baby Dry had the most profound line with various sizes of diapers and every item had been created to the phase of a baby’s little children life in like manner. Spoils utilized yellow shading to pass on comfort in the consumer’ minds and gave diverse measured bundles. Finally, Pampers Baby Dry diapers offers thicker diapers with aroma to include comfort for extended periods. Serious Review: Pampers’ principle rival in USA is Huggies by Kimberly-Clark, an America enterprise. What's more, they spoke to practically 80% of the complete deals of US showcase in 2009. As a rule, Pampers’ piece of the pie expanded progressivelyâ contrasting to Huggies’. Huggies relies primarily upon retail outlets and showed advancement to burning through $9.1 million on promotions and radio. Conveyance Review: The Procter and Gamble and Kimberly-Clark have had the option to separate their lines from private name through progressively premium item, Americans veered away from the marked makers in 2009.Besides, the increasing expense of crude materials causes the cost increments in year 2009 and these ascents were tempered by the substantial impact which private name has on the classification. In any case, in October 2007, Kimberly-Clark Corp declared will build costs by somewhere in the range of 4% and 7% in year 2008 to help balance the increasing expenses of creation. What's more, The Procter and Gamble would build costs by somewhere in the range of 5% and 8%,while the deals will just increment by 1% in 2008.The concentrated of the spoils, is permitting them to arrive at their objective market by remaining serious with their greatest rival Huggies. Spoils can without much of a stretch found in basic food item, drugstores and retail location, for example, Hypermarket and so on. Finally, Pam pers items are comfort item circulating their item in numerous stores to keep up their piece of the overall industry a d guarantee that their image is consistently the best. Advertising STRATEGY Item procedure Spoils will offer the item with all the highlights that portrayed in the item survey segment. Spoils additionally plan brilliant bundle to draw in more consumers’ consideration and stand apart from the other serious brands. Spoils is a brand that consistently roused by babies needs by keeping them agreeable, cleanliness and dry. The case of item that offered by Pampers will be Pampers New child Sensitive, Pampers Easy Up pants, Pampers Change Mats, etc. Spoils will in general structure their items to fit each formative stage from birth to little child. For a model, buyers can buy the Swaddler line for infants and for the children that slither and 2 years above. Truth be told, client can pick their item by finding reasonable item for their baby’s singular needs by picking Pampers. Estimating Strategy Spoils have wide assortment decision in advertise, It’s a preferred position to expand spoils unit deals. To serious with others organization, Pampers Company picked non value rivalry to concentrating on their item quality. In the event that clients sastisfy with the item quality , they will steadfast with our own item . Spoils Company decided to keep up their item quality in light of the fact that the creating nations as of now have their local item and it’s relative less expensive than spoils item Added that, nowdays parent are more spotlight on item quality than item value, they need to give the best for their youngster. On the off chance that contrast and others brand like Huggies , Pampers is all the more financially and numerous family can reasonable. Circulation Strategy The spoils advertising of appropriation power is high. Spoils are the required for babies, organization will picked the appropriate spots to circulate their item with the goal that it will simple for clients to arrive at their item. Spoils can be found at closest staple, accommodation store , drugstore and retail location, for example, Wal-Mart .since spoils are comfort item, so the spot is critical to serious with others brand and appropriating their item at numerous spots will make it all the more simple for client to arrive at their item . The transportations that flexibly by spoils are trucks, waterways,airways, etc to guarantee that the item are sufficient to fulfill clients need . Advancement To contend with others brand ,The Procter and Gamble organization discovered that, their principle spoils clients are babies , to

How Dickens uses language Essay Example for Free

How Dickens utilizes language Essay There is an assortment of reiteration in the section. Expressions like ‘Dead and Buried’ are rehashed to remind us, as perusers, that a large portion of Pip’s family is dead. The word ‘buried’, proposes that it happened some time back and that he never knew them, which causes us to feel pity and compassion toward the character. Pip discusses his life in the swamp nation, where he dwelled by the stream and close to the ocean. This might feature how Pip (little like a stream), might be associated with an option that could be more noteworthy than he could’ve ever envisioned (like the ocean). Dickens likewise utilizes some intriguing jargon, with captivating symbolism in this entry. For instance he depicts the ocean as a ‘distant savage lair’. The word ‘distant’ tells the peruser that there is an obscure, approaching danger. The word ‘savage’ proposes it was over incredible and savage. At long last, the word ‘lair’ infers a perilous spot, where casualties are taken to be eaten up. This shows the peruser that Pip isn't sheltered, and is by all accounts in grave peril. Similar sounding word usage is another strategy which Dickens has contribution to the entry. The expression ‘low heavy line’, (which portrays the stream), is a genuine case of this. Streams should be a sea-going blue shading, yet Dickens depicts it as ‘leaden’, which is a discouraging dark shading, proposing a dreary setting. At long last, Dickens utilizes third individual in the section, in spite of the fact that this is flawed. In one sentence, Pip goes from describing as a grown-up in the first individual and afterward changes to the third individual, where he glances back at himself as a little kid. This is on the grounds that he is in absolute incredulity at how lost he was, which is viable as the peruser feels confounded, similarly as Pip would have as a little kid.

Are You An Incoming or Current SIPA Student from Mexico COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Are You An Incoming or Current SIPA Student from Mexico COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog If you are an incoming or current SIPA student living in Mexico City you have the opportunity to get together with other students from SIPA prior to the start of the fall semester.   I recently received an inquiry from an incoming student living in Mexico City, Celcilia, who has an interest in getting together with other students in the area.   The following is her message: If you are from Mexico City and will be attending Columbia next fall this message is for you. My name is Cecilia and I will be attending SIPA. I am planning a reunion for future Columbia Mexican Students in Mexico City before we all leave to NYC in order to get to know each other and to exchange experiences about different issues such as housing, travel, phone company etc. If you are interested, please send an email to cf2389 [at] columbia.edu Thanks! Cecilia If other students wish to have similar messages posted to the blog for public consumption please send a message to the Office of Admissions at sipa_admission@columbia.edu.

Exercises in Identifying Adverb Clauses

An adverb clause (also known as an adverbial clause) is a dependent clause used as an adverb within a sentence. These types of clauses can modify the whole sentence, as well as verbs, adverbs, and adjectives, and may show aspects such as time, reason, concession, or condition. These clauses often start with words such as (while, if, because, when, although, unless, since, so that, whereas, even if, in case, as long as) and other words. In contrast, an adjectival clause will modify a noun and start with a relative pronoun (that, who, whose, whom, or which) or a subordinate conjunction (when  and  where). Before doing these exercises, you may find it helpful to review the study sheet Building Sentences With Adverb Clauses. Practice Identifying Adverb Clauses Each of these  proverbial sayings contains an adverb clause. Identify the adverb clause in each sentence, and then compare your answers with those below. While the cats away, the mice will play.A lie travels around the world while truth is putting her boots on.If you dont know where you are going, any road will get you there.Memory is deceptive because it is colored by todays events.Never look down on anybody unless youre helping him up.You have to kiss a lot of toads before you find a handsome prince.Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.Life is what happens when you are making other plans.As soon as you forbid something, you make it extraordinarily appealing.Everything is funny, as long as its happening to somebody else.Don’t count your chickens before they hatch.If you want something done right, you have to do it yourself.When the going gets tough, the tough get going.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.Cowards die many times before their death.Dont cross the bridge till you come to it.Dont put the cart before the horse. Answer Key In the following sentences, the adverb clauses are in  bold print. Examine what word or phrase theyre modifying and what aspect they show (time, reason, concession, or condition). For example, in sentence 1, the clause refers to the time that the mice will play. While the cats away, the mice will play.A lie travels around the world  while truth is putting her boots on.If you dont know where you are going, any road will get you there.Memory is deceptive  because it is colored by todays events.Never look down on anybody  unless youre helping him up.You have to kiss a lot of toads  before you find a handsome prince.Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.Life is what happens  when you are making other plans.As soon as you forbid something, you make it extraordinarily appealing.Everything is funny,  as long as its happening to somebody else.Don’t count your chickens before they hatch. If you want something done right, you have to do it yourself. When the going gets tough, the tough get going.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.Cowards die many times before their death.Dont cross the bridge till you come to it.Dont put the cart before the horse.

10 Facts About Utahraptor, the Worlds Biggest Raptor

God Is Love Free Essays

â€Å"God is Love. † This simple yet complex statement is found only twice1, 2 in the Bible and is commonly presented out of context. It is generally misunderstood and often circulated in a fashion that leads many into Hell. We will write a custom essay sample on God Is Love or any similar topic only for you Order Now The statement –while very easy to make and accept when presented in its undefined form– has a depth of reality far beyond what the average person wants to know even though such knowledge is critical to salvation. 1. â€Å"Whoever is without love does not know God, for God is love. † [1 John 4:8 ] 2. â€Å"We have come to know and to believe in the love God has for us*. God is love, and whoever remains in love remains in God and God in him. † [1 John 4:16] * This usage of the term â€Å"us† refers only to men of faith. In the following important prelude to the above passages the term â€Å"if† is used five (5) times. Entry into eternal life must always be considered as conditional: â€Å"Now this is the message that we have heard from him and proclaim to you: God is light, and in him there is no darkness at all. If we say, â€Å"We have fellowship with him,† while we continue to walk in darkness, we lie and do not act in truth. But if we walk in the light as he is in the light, then we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of his Son Jesus cleanses us from all sin. If we say, â€Å"We are without sin,† we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we acknowledge our sins,3 he is faithful and just and will forgive our sins and cleanse us from every wrongdoing. If we say, â€Å"We have not sinned,† we make him a liar, and his word is not in us. † [1 John 1:5-10] 3. â€Å"Whose sins you forgive are forgiven them, and whose sins you retain are retained. [John 20:23] — This authority was given by Jesus to the eleven apostles –even though only ten were present at the time– and to their validly ordained successors on Easter Sunday during His first visitation with them. All validly ordained priests (also known by the terms presbyters and elders) have this authority even though not materially present during this visitation. NOTE: The references in the book o f Hebrews to Jesus being High Priest should be seen as a clear statement that there were other priests serving under His authority. (Priests can only be ordained by someone with demonstratable authority from God to ordain. They can never be elected or self-appointed. ) It must be understood that true love reflects the totality of goodness. Absolute goodness resides in God alone and is shared by Him with those who have sincerely sought association with Him. When one honestly seeks out God one is looking for that fullness of truth found only in God. A fullness of truth that few have any real desire to put into practice. Those who eventually reach Heaven have all truth present to them and can utilize any truth they seek, but they remain incapable of possessing at any given time the totality of truth. Goodness is dependent upon truth and truth leads to justice. Not only must one desire truth and make a sincere effort to acquire all of the spiritual truths that are available and within one’s capacity to understand, but one must also be willing to put them into practice as opportunities present themselves. Without truth their can be no understanding of goodness and goodness demands service to God and neighbor according to the teachings of Jesus, Son of Man/Son of God. Justice is a cohort of goodness and has as its foundation the Word of God that is always truth. Justice is the exercise of works in the service of both positive and negative commands of God – what one must do and what one must not do to obtain eternal happiness. Good deeds are meritorious works (witnesses to faith), benefitting the Heavenly Kingdom, that are performed by those who still reside in this life. While no quantity or quality of works can substitute for the salvific act accomplished once by Jesus on the cross – that allowed access to Heaven to those judged worthy (Matthew 25:32), they are necessary witnesses to that love of God which is required for one to enter Heaven. Again, the mercy of God has been made obtainable only through the redemptive act of Jesus. Prior to this act no one was permitted entry into Heaven no matter how worthy they might be deemed to have been including Able, Enoch, Abraham, Joseph, Moses and many others. The ultimate mercy –redemption from the sin of Adam that caused separation from God– is received only by those who have put the fullness of God’s Word (commands – direct or implicit) into practice by actions of faith. Summarization: God is love and love is shed upon those who seek knowledge of required truths that lead to the practice of justice in respect for the goodness of God. A greater appreciation of God can be obtained by meditating upon the qualities or attributes of God. Anyone who pursues truth and practices justice is loved by God, that is, comes under the umbrella of that love which can be received from God alone. For those who do not pursue goodness, through the seeking of truth and the practice of justice, God is for them anger, hatred and wrath. To be a recipient of salvation/mercy one must sincerely develop a full love of God and pursue Him through the practice of justice that can be understood only through the acquisition of spiritual truth. One must develop a sincere interest in God, listen –accept and practice– to His word, and grow in God’s love. God is love for those who love truth and practice justice and mercy –Reference the Corporal and Spiritual Works of Mercy– according to His will. This is the true meaning of the phrase, â€Å"God is love. † One should never mistake the statement, â€Å"God is Love,† to mean that God does not condemn those who do not seek His love according to His (God’s) definition of love while sincerely seeking His mercy. Those who ask for His mercy must be sincerely repentant, turn their lives around, and develop a humility that allows them to be of true service to the Lord through service in this life demonstrated in the form of good deeds/good works. Without the witness given by good works, any protestation that one loves God or has faith in God is meaningless. God’s mercy –salvific act of redemption for people of active faith– does not benefit those who culpably profess a false position of faith or love. In effect such people are lovers of evil and servants of Satan. God is good. Goodness loves and associates with that which is good. Perfect goodness –which is the nature of God– is only able to associate with that which has been made/becomes perfectly good. Perfection is not gratuitous. Absolute perfection is necessary before one can enter the presence of God. If perfection is not achieved in this life by those not condemned to Hell, then it must be obtained through a purification process in an intermediate state of existence. In this state –referred to as Purgatory by those who accept Catholic doctrine (mandatory for Catholics)– one’s attachment to any imperfections, brought about by self-will, is gradually overcome. The removal of attachment to sin –often a degree of denial relating to bad habit(s) not fully dealt with in this life– is facilitated through the application of that degree of encouragement (pain) that proves necessary over an extended period of time to make one accept the necessity of turning away from accumulated dysfunctional desires and activities that had been accepted by the spiritual mind. It should be understood that many opportunities (much encouragement) are presented while in this life to turn away from sin. Problems and sufferings in this life were meant to focus one’s attention and reliance upon the stated will of God. One must learn to accept what is universally good instead of that which is only self-serving. In life one is given instructions and at times painful encouragement that is focused upon turning one away from sin and all attachment to it. Purgatory is for those who have only made a partial effort at turning away from association with sin. Please keep in mind that there are no free rides into Heaven, for anyone. Further, there is no simple method for gaining perfection at the conclusion of life. After years of stubbornness relating to the retention of wrong doing one should not expect to be instantly made perfect. No one is gratuitously made perfect as this would limit that quality of free will which is necessary for one to effectively share with God in eternal life to the degree deserved through meritorious actions during life. Those who are not redeemable (unrepentant grave sinners) through a process of purification are condemned to eternal suffering commonly referred to as Hell. Eternal suffering is necessary for incorrigible sinners. They have eternally living spirits that would be destructive to the harmony of Heaven if allowed freedom. Ceaseless pain keeps them from developing into a force that would be disruptive to those living in eternal happiness. When one fails to adhere to the commands of God –statements of His will that are either positive or negative– one is not in the love of God. Everyone wants to be able to do things their own way. They want to consider their way as the right way. This is a product of egocentrism (self-centeredness). Most are not willing to accept that God’s way is the product of great wisdom known through the explicit true teachings of the one authorized and unified (under supreme but controlled papal authority) Church established by Jesus. The avenue of established truth does not often agree with one’s personal preferred way. God is love, but He is also light, truth and justice. Mercy is a by product of justice and while necessary for salvation it is not gratuitous even though Jesus’ redemptive act was gratuitous. Mercy is not granted to those who do not have sincerity of repentance. Everyone must make a humble request for mercy that has been warranted as worthy of being granted through meritorious deeds. Depending upon circumstances such deeds can be either simple or complex. SUMMARY: God, being love, has the perfection of that love which is goodness. He sheds Light (knowledge) upon those who seek truth and then put the acquired truths into practice (justice – good works versus misdeeds or indifference). One who truly loves God will act in a way that demonstrates a sincere love of God. One must give God sincere worship and humble himself before Jesus. Service to Jesus is through placing into action spiritual knowledge that has been obtained. A major part of learning is focused upon love of neighbor. The simple way to accomplish this is to put into practice the Golden Rule, that is, â€Å"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. † The corporal and spiritual works of mercy are of major importance in relation to serving others in this life in the service of almighty God. How to cite God Is Love, Papers

Logistics System Analysis of BHP Billiton-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about BHP Billiton and Optimisations techniques related to different issues. Answer: Introduction BHP Billiton is one of the largest mining companies in the world. It is an Anglo-Australian multinational company that deals with mining, metals and petroleum. It is the fourth largest company in Australia. This company also have many projects in several countries worldwide. There are many challenges and issues related to different fields of the company. The hydraulic fracturing management is one of the challenging tasks faced by the company (Andrews 2016). For the betterment of the hydraulic fracturing management system solutions are required to be taken. The main competitors of BHP Billiton are Agnico Eagle Mines Limited, Alamos Gold Inc., Alexo Resource Corp, Alio Gold Inc., Almaden Minerals, Ltd., Americans Silver, AnalogGold Ashanti (Chen 2016). Project management is an important task to resolve the problems regarding a project and managing it. In an organisation there are many big problems related to the projects that have to be solved in a planned way. There are various things regarding project management like initialising the target, understanding the problem, estimating the cost of the project and assigning the task to the different team members. In this report the overview of project management in accordance with the problem is discussed in details. The discussion contains real data and practical cases related to BHP Billiton. About BHP Billiton and optimisations techniques related to different issues BHP Billiton is an Australian company which has headquarter in Melbourne, Victoria. In 2015 BHP Billiton became the worlds largest mining company. It was formed in 2001 through the merger of the Australian Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP). It serves worldwide. Jacques Nasser is the chairman of the company. Andrew Mackenzie is the CEO of the company. This company mainly extracts Iron ore, coal, petroleum, copper, natural gas, nickel and uranium. It collects almost A$ 30.9 billion as revenue (Bossi 2017). It has an operating income of US$6.2 billion (Boud et al. 2014). It gets profit worth US$ 6.2 billion. It has more than 65000 employees. Aussie minerals and oil company BHP Limited acquired UK miner Billiton plc in 2001. As a result a dual-listed company has been formed as a single entity. It is one of the largest diversified natural resources companies. The competitors of BHP Billiton are Agnico Eagle Mines Limited, Alamos Gold Inc., Alexo Resource Corp, Alio Gold Inc., Almaden Minerals, Ltd., Americans Silver, AnalogGold Ashanti (Chen 2016). Till now BHP Billiton has managed to become the biggest business entity in the market of oil and minerals extraction. There are many challenges in the business of oil and minerals extraction. From designing the mineral extraction process to the last stage of supplying the minerals to different places, there are many stages that should be executed in proper way (Dodds 2015). In this organisation the main challenges are safety of the coal workers, creating proper automation system, maintaining transportation cost. There are many optimizations techniques that are used as the solution of the problems. The solutions may contain different techniques like linear programming, sensitivity analysis, network model, integer programming, project management, waiting line models, simulations. Here we mainly emphasise on project management as the main technique to solve the issues (Cosens 2015). As BHP Billiton is one of the largest mining organisations in the world, the project management is hard job to do. A huge amount of data is present for the analysis of different stages of the business. It is a big task to r esolve the problem and handle the big data related to it. Identification of the problem in BHP Billiton In this report the problem regarding the hydraulic fracturing management is discussed. There are many safety related issues as well as cost related issues present in this report regarding the hydraulic fracturing management. Real data and current status of hydraulic fracturing management by BHP Billiton In this report the discussion is drawn on the responsibility of managing hydraulic fracturing by BHP Billions. During the recent downturn in the oil and gas industry we continued to make progress on optimizing and simplifying the hydraulic fracturing operations while maintaining our strong focus on protecting the health and safety of the workers and communities and limiting our impact on the environment (Hubbard 2017). The drilling and completions activities during fiscal year 2016 were limited to Eagle Ford ad Permian. Since 2011 the company follows the main principles which are followed by all the workers and management of the company. These principles say that the endeavor to be the safest company in the industry, protect the land where the workers operate, safeguard and manage water resources, minimize air emissions from our operations, and be a good neighbor to the communities. The workers carefully develop and rigorously implement safety and operating systems, properly train th e people, and do not compromise our standards (Larson and Gray 2013). They only work with contractors who share our commitment to safety, and the company develops relationships and partner with the host communities which border our areas of operation. Workers construct and operate our facilities in an environmentally sensitive manner and the company conducts environmental assessments prior to initiating construction to minimize the impacts of the operations (Piper 2016). All of the shale plays maintain a plan that includes controls to manage impacts to land and biodiversity, and the intent is to restore the environment to its pre disturbance condition or better when workers leave. Reducing and Reporting Toxic Chemicals workers report the ingredients of the fracturing fluids used for well completions into Frac-Focus, the hydraulic fracturing chemical public disclosure registry. We are partnering with responsible service companies who are working to reduce the number and toxicity of c hemicals that we use in fracturing fluids. The company does not use benzene, toluene, methylbenzene or xylem (BTEX) or diesel in our fracturing fluids, and for a high percentage of our wells we disclose all of the ingredients and additives by name and Chemical Abstracts Service Number with the maximum percentage responsibly managing hydraulic fracturing 1 BHP Billitons fiscal year. Some proprietary chemicals were eliminated entirely from use (Larson and Gray 2013). Frac-Focus allows the company to work with the vendors to apply a systems approach to improve the transparency of reporting chemicals company use to the public. Water management is also an important part of the safety program. The waste management, well integrity and the monitoring of the process is important in case of water management (Kenny and Manvell 2014). The checking of the wells and drilling of the shale play an important role in the maintenance and management of well integrity. Pressure testing of the casing of each section, evaluation of the quality of the cement is required for the betterment of the service during the water management. Here are some details of the drilling of the well. Beginning in 2015 company voluntarily implemented an ongoing pre-drilling groundwater monitoring program in the active drilling areas of our shale operationswhich include the Eagle Ford and Permian shale plays. Groundwater monitoring is not applicable in Fayetteville and Haynesville due to the suspension of drilling operations in FY2016 (Cosens 2015). The procedure begins by identifying registered water wells within a 1,500-foot radius of each new well pad using geographic information system (GIS) mapping. Company then contact landowners to confirm the locations of any water wells in use, both registered and non-registered, and obtain landowner permission and an agreed date to sample the wells. Shale plays Total water use 1000bbls Groundwater 1000bbls Surface water use 1000bbls Produced water recycle 1000bbls Total water intensity bbls/mmbtu Eagle Ford 25047 25047 0 0 0.079 Fayetteville 8 0 8 0 0.0001 Haynesville 0 0 0 0 0 Permian 7273 5609 0 1663 0.134 Table 1: The water consumption details and the intensity are given below in table. Shale Plays Total fresh water use 1000 bbls Groundwater 1000 bbls Surface water use 1000 bbls Fresh water intensity bbls/mmbu Eagle Ford 25,047 25047 0 0.079 Fayetteville 8 0 8 0.0001 Haynesville 0 0 0 0 Permian 7273 1579 0 0.029 Table 2: FY2016 fresh water consumption and intensity Shale Plays FY15 FY16 wells % wells % Eagle Ford 237 0 147 0 Fayetteville 5 0 0 0 Haynesville 25 0 5 0 Permian 44 0 32 0 Total 311 184 0 Table 3: Percentage of wells completed that experienced well integrity failures that resulted in release to environment The main problem regarding water management is the presence of toxic chemicals present in the water. There are many toxic chemicals that are present in the underground water that mainly contains mercury, arsenic and other presence of heavy metals. The company does not use benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene or xylene or diesel in the fracturing fluids and for a high presence of the wells it is not disclosed about the ingredients and additives by name and chemical abstracts service number with the maximum percentage. At the drilling operations in Eagle Ford and Permian we utilize a mobile reverse osmosis system to produce potable water and ice from local well water for workers living on site and to treat wastewater for use down hole during drilling (Paul 2016). This system eliminates most trucking of water and wastewater into and out of our drilling camps and reduces overall trucking on location by an average of about 39 trucks per month, equivalent to about 117,000 fewer truck miles travelled in FY2016 and eliminating 95 per cent of truck traffic into the drilling camp. It also promotes sourcing from a locally based small-to-medium enterprise. The water intensity of the operations is directly related to the level of drilling and hydraulic fracturing activities underway. Water intensity is not applicable in Fayetteville and Haynesville due to the suspension of drilling operations in FY2016. In the Eagle Ford and Permian shale plays where drilling and hydraulic fracturing work continues the water intensity is shown below (Poff et al. 2016). Permian total water intensity is higher because the overall production volumes from this newer shale play are lower in relation to the level of drilling and completions activity. However, the fresh water intensity is lower in the Permian due to produced water recycling and use of brackish groundwater (Price 2015). Cost is also an important issue regarding the hydraulic fracturing management. The cost is high for using large number of labors during the drilling. The amount differs for different places and it should be optimized for better hydraulic fracturing management. Data Collection Techniques of data collection The information regarding the problems and the hydraulic project management are collected from various sources. The main sources are the websites, individuals of BHP Billiton. Information is collected by observation and analyzing techniques of different facts of the organisation. Interviews were also taken from the person to collect several data from him. Persons who were interviewed for the information. The project manager and the project director of BHP Billiton were interviewed to get the idea about the issues regarding a project of the organisation and also the solving techniques used to solve those problems. Why he/she is the right person of providing the data. Project manager is the person who takes the main initiatives and makes the principles of the project. He is acknowledged about all the information regarding the planning, distribution of works and other parameters related to the project. Project director makes the proper execution of the plans and the work. Project director has all the information record and the impact of the analysis of the data. Summary of the data which is collected After an accredited laboratory analyzes the water samples, it is recorded that the results in our internal data base, and provide a copy of the results to the landowner. The water intensity of the operations is directly related to the level of drilling and hydraulic fracturing activities underway. Water intensity is not applicable in Fayetteville and Haynesville due to the suspension of drilling operations in FY2016. In the Eagle Ford and Permian shale plays where drilling and hydraulic fracturing work continues the water intensity is shown below (Poff et al. 2016). Permian total water intensity is higher because the overall production volumes from this newer shale play are lower in relation to the level of drilling and completions activity. However, the fresh water intensity is lower in the Permian due to produced water recycling and use of brackish groundwater (Price 2015). Cost is also an important issue regarding the hydraulic fracturing management. The cost is high for using lar ge number of labors during the drilling. The amount differs for different places and it should be optimized for better hydraulic fracturing management. Discussion about project management In this report project management is mainly highlighted as the optimization technique. The optimization technique is used to solve different challenges regarding different projects in BHP Billiton (Burke 2013). BHP Billiton is one of the biggest organisations in the mining industry. It has a large variety of tasks that cannot be executed without proper planning and estimation of each stage of the tasks. Project management deals with initiating, planning, executing, controlling and closing the task or the work given to a particular team to achieve specific target maintaining all the conditions (Cosens 2015). A project is a generated to produce a particular solution or result or service which has predefined starting and ending. A project is normally constrained by time and funding. In a project there is different type of works that should be done in a synchronised way so that the proper execution of the work is done. Generally a project is given to a team. In a team there are different people having different ability. So it is easy to solve all the problems regarding a project in a team environment. In project management the main work is distributed among different members of a team (Kenny and Manvell 2014). The main part of project management is to optimize and allocate the necessary inputs and apply them to meet predefined objectives. Project management has different approaches to handle a project like phased approach, lean approach, iterative approach and incremental approach. In the phased approach the main work is distributed in a series of different stages that have to be completed. The main stages are initialization, planning, design, construction, monitoring, controlling and completion or closing (Hay et al. 2017). The stages of project management depend on the type of the organisation. For a company dealing with construction, has different stages from a company that deals with IT projects. The lean approach in project management is important to focus on delivering value with less waste and reduced time. Iterative and incremental project management is used for huge projects in which phased approaches cannot be used. Constraints like time, resources are important factors in project management. To execute the projects in proper way one must analyse all the possibilities regarding the results and steps during the project. When there are uncertainties regarding a project, then project management follows the critical chain approach (Hubbard 2017). Critical chain project management also deals with time and resource constraints (Williamson 2016). The target of Critical chain project management is to scale up the amount of projects in an organisation. A well planned approach to project management is the product based planning, that depends upon the identification of all the products or project deliverables that helps to achieve the project objectives. It sets up a well planned project in output oriented way and not in activity or task orien ted way. In process based management the use of maturity models like capability maturity model and OPM3 are observed. The OPM3 maturity models refer to such project management techniques that can perform successfully, consistently and predictably for executing the strategies of an organisation (Meyer 2014). In case of project production management the use of operation management is done to the supply of capital projects. The management of a project depends on a aspect of the production where the project transforms inputs like materials, information, labour, plant and machines. In case of benefits realization management the main importance is put upon outcomes or the benefits of the project. The example of providing a project to the needed things can agree to provide a computer system which will analyze information and payrolls. Initiating a project is the first step of project management. In this step the nature and the scopes of the project are identifies (Leach 2014). It is very i mportant to understand the business need of the project in order to make the project successful. The understanding of the business environment is important here to understand the challenges regarding it. The initiating stage of the project management should include the steps to solve different problems related to it. The steps are processing the business elements for making the goals, monitoring the process, analysis of the costs and financial elements and the advantages like budget, analysis of stakeholders and the persons needed for the project, project managing including schedules, costs and deliverables and detailed discussion in strength, weakness, opportunities and threats to the business. The next step of project management is to plan in the correct way. Planning is not only the most important part of the project management system, but also it is related to finalise the project into correct direction. The team as well as the authority take an important role in implementing th e planning. The team should perform in accordance with the plan for finalising the project (Theodori et al. 2014). When the project is already started, then it is lead to a level of details. There are also many steps in planning process of project management. Those are determining how to plan and develope the aspect. The next steps are selecting the team which will work in the planned way. Identifying the deliverables is the next important step. Making the structure of the system is one of the most important steps in project management. The next step is to develop quality measures and the approval for starting the work. Finding and understanding the responsibilities in each step is important for the team members as well as managing body to make the project successful (Vajargah and Oort 2015). The other steps are executing, monitoring and controlling. Execution is an important part of the project management. The main essence of execution is that the planning which is done for getting the result of the project is implemented in the proper way due to execution. The execution and the implementation of the phase ensure that the steps of the project management are executed properly. Monitoring is one of the important parts of project management and it consists of the processes that are performed to observe project execution so that potential problems can be identified in a timely manner. The next step is about the monitoring. Monitoring consists of those processes that are performed to see the project execution for identification of potential problems. Controlling is the step of project management that helps the steps to be optimized in order to meet with the proper planning. Controlling includes different types of modulation processes for the proper execution of the main project. Project management is one of the best methods to optimize the problems related to a project. There are many challenges during performing a project. The project management is the chosen among the other methods as it is a method where predetermined planning is done. Due to planning and estimation of the stages regarding the project it is easy to estimate the possibilities and can take proactive measures to control the problems. Analysis of the situation regarding the hydraulic fracturing management In the above discussion of hydraulic fracturing management many issues and problems are identified. These issues regarding the drilling of well, presence of toxic chemicals in the water can lead to serious problem. Different optimization and steps are taken in order to overcome the problems regarding the hydraulic fracturing management. In this report the application of project management is used to optimize and overcome the challenges present due to the reasons which are already discussed (Schwalbe 2015). There are many important steps in project management analysis. In the first step the initialisation of the task is done. In the initialisation process the stages of project management are discussed and the problems are identified. After identifying the problems, those should be discussed in details to understand deeply. The next stage of project management is planning (Valipour 2015). Planning of the project is the most important step of the project management. In this step all the estimation and the distribution of the work are done. Then the program should be executed in proper way to make the project successful. In project management generally an excel sheet is prepared that is used to assign the task among different people of the organisation. The estimation of cost and time is also done in order to execute the project in proper way (Verzuh 2015). The finalisation of the project depends upon the proper distribution of work and the estimation of the cost and time in project management. In this project there are many issues regarding the hydraulic fracturing management. First proper machines should be arranged for drilling and the cost should be estimated. Then the labour cost should also be estimated and the task should be distributed among the workers for proper execution of the project. Conclusion BHP Billiton is one of the largest mining companies in the world. It is an Anglo-Australian multinational company that deals with mining, metals and petroleum. There are many challenges and issues related to the hydraulic fracturing management of this company. For the betterment of the hydraulic management system solutions are required to be taken. From the above discussion it can be concluded that the hydraulic fracturing management of BHP Billiton can be more advanced with the help of project management. In this report different aspect of project management is discussed to solve the problems related to the hydraulic fracturing management. For proper completion of the project the estimation and the planning of all the stages are important to be decided. There are lots of factors which should be remembered at the time of planning about the project. In this report the arrangement of drilling machines for extracting water from well is done and also different methods are discussed for r educing the amount of the labour cost. Recommendations: From the above discussion the followings are recommended It is recommended that machines with better technologies should be used in order to make the hydraulic fracturing management more advanced. The cost of the project can be decreased with the application of the automation systems as discussed in the report. Project management takes an important role in order to solve the problems regarding the hydraulic fracturing management. The steps discussed in the project management part should be followed to make the project in a planned and well structured way References Andrews, M., 2016. Production rock solid for iron ore heavies.Australia's Paydirt,1(244), p.60. Bossi, C., 2017. Succeeding in the Shale Business With a Lean Well Manufacturing Management System.Journal of Petroleum Technology,69(03), pp.42-44. Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Sampson, J. eds., 2014.Peer learning in higher education: Learning from and with each other. Routledge. Burke, R., 2013. Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Chen, S.S., 2016. Commodity prices and related equity prices.Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'conomique,49(3), pp.949-967. Cosens, B., 2015. Application of the Adaptive Water Governance Project to management of the Lake Eyre basin and its connections to the Great Artesian basin.Report to Flinders University and the Goyder Institution. Dodds, M.A., 2015. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act cases impact sport marketing strategies.Sport Marketing Quarterly,24(4), p.258. Hay, A., Zuo, J., Han, S. and Zillante, G., 2017. Lessons Learned from Managing a Remote Construction Project in Australia. InProceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate(pp. 939-948). Springer, Singapore. Hubbard, T.N., Hubbard, T.N., Moore, M.J. and Moore, M.J., 2017. BHP Billiton: Mining Potash.Kellogg School of Management Cases, pp.1-13. Kenny, S. and Manvell, D., 2014, October. Noise sentinel-A proactive approach to noise management in mining operations at BHP Billiton Worsley Alumina Pty Ltd. InINTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings(Vol. 249, No. 6, pp. 2290-2297). Institute of Noise Control Engineering. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Larson, E.W. and Gray, C., 2013.Project Management: The Managerial Process with MS Project. McGraw-Hill. Leach, L.P., 2014.Critical chain project management. Artech House. Meyer, W.G., 2014. The effect of optimism bias on the decision to terminate failing projects.Project Management Journal,45(4), pp.7-20. Paul, S., 2016. BHP Billiton reviews Indonesian coal assets.Australia's Paydirt,1(238), p.83. Piper, D., 2014. Barnett tells governments to stand their corner.Australia's Paydirt,1(221), p.30. Piper, D., 2016. Major disconnect plays into juniors' hands.Australia's Paydirt,1(242), p.4. Poff, N.L., Brown, C.M., Grantham, T.E., Matthews, J.H., Palmer, M.A., Spence, C.M., Wilby, R.L., Haasnoot, M., Mendoza, G.F., Dominique, K.C. and Baeza, A., 2016. Sustainable water management under future uncertainty with eco-engineering decision scaling.Nature Climate Change,6(1), p.25. Price, G., 2015. Spotlight on seeds for BHP Billiton Iron Ore.AusIMM Bulletin, (Jun 2015), p.76. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Theodori, G.L., Luloff, A.E., Willits, F.K. and Burnett, D.B., 2014. Hydraulic fracturing and the management, disposal, and reuse of frac flowback waters: Views from the public in the Marcellus Shale.Energy Research Social Science,2, pp.66-74. Vajargah, A.K. and Oort, E.V., 2015, March. Automated drilling fluid rheology characterization with downhole pressure sensor data. InSPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Valipour, M., 2015. Future of agricultural water management in Africa.Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science,61(7), pp.907-927. Verzuh, E., 2015.The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley Sons. Walker, A., 2015.Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons. Williamson, S., 2016. As reported in Biologic (2013, 2014, 2015, this ElS), all field studies and survey work carried out to.

Margaret Tudor The Perils of a Queen free essay sample

A look at the tumultuous life and times of a fascinating woman, Margaret Tudor, Queen Regent of Scotland. This paper chronicles the tumultuous life of Margaret Tudor, Queen Regent of Scotland, sister of the notorious Henry VIII, and grandmother of Mary, Queen of Scots. Although it does touch on the political issues of her day, the author focuses more on Margarets personal life, including her three marriages, divorce and her struggle to hold her power in a mans world. The word queen conjures up an image of beautiful clothes, a doting king, happiness and an idle lifestyle. The life of Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scotland, shatters these myths. Widowed at a young age, she was left to act as regent for her infant son in a climate of political turmoil and dangerous power struggles. As a member of the weaker sex, Margaret was not taken seriously and was expected to sit back and let others govern Scotland in her name. We will write a custom essay sample on Margaret Tudor: The Perils of a Queen or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Margaret refused to do so, and suffered for it. Not even her brother, Henry VIII of England, would aid her unless she agreed to be his pawn. Margaret also flouted convention by marrying for love, not once, but twice, and by divorcing her second husband in a time when marriage was a sacred lifelong bond no matter its problems.

Dogfight over Europe, Ryanair B and C Essays

Dogfight over Europe, Ryanair B and C Essays Dogfight over Europe, Ryanair B and C Essay Dogfight over Europe, Ryanair B and C Essay Dogfight over Europe RyanAir B / C (individual graded) 1. What went wrong? Why did Ryanair move from a successful launch to near bankruptcy? One of the biggest reasons for Ryanair’s downfall was that it tried to position itself as a low fare airline along with having first-rate services. It kept an unrestricted fare while still focusing on the best customer service and relationship. Although the low price was able to get Ryanair the customer base it needed, the increase in sales was not enough to make up for the cost of the amenities that Ryanair promised to its customers. This business model did not do sell well and proved to be very inefficient. Another significant reason was because of Ryanair’s expansion. It expanded its rounds to where some of its competitors were, specifically Aer Lingus. This overlap in routes led to a price war among the two companies. Ryanair tried to price its fares at 10% lower than its competitors which dug them deeper in a hole. The case also mentions that despite the route separation by the government, Ryanair continued to lose money – up until the January 1991. Ryanair failed to anticipate and defend against retaliation from its competitors. Ryanair went head-to-head against its competitors in a very tough price-war which undermined the industry structure. The CEO commented that â€Å"Aer LIngus will, of course, compete to the very limit of our ability as we have always done†. 2. How did Ryanair move from bankruptcy to become one of the most profitable airlines? One of the most important reasons why Ryanair turned around was because of their low cost strategy and became a low-cost, low-fare airline.. It dropped loss-making routes and planes redeployed on a handful of remaining routes. Ryanair turned its focus away from customer service and, as a result, was able to generate and preserve cash. For example, the case mentions that all in-flight amenities, such as free coffee and snacks, were eliminated. Additionally, labor contracts were renegotiated so that pay reflected productivity. As Ryanair started to eliminate its amenities and stray away from superior customer service, they dropped their fares substantially which caused passenger volumes to pick up. U. S. financial analyst would proclaim Ryanair â€Å"the Southwest Airlines of Europe†. In addition, Ryanair exclusively served secondary airports. These airports were not congested and made it easy to obtain landing slights and timely landing and departure times. Prior to opening a new route, Ryanair negotiated vigorously with airport authorities for low landing fees, low turnaround costs, and other incentives. Ryanair negotiated scheduled press conferences to announce new routes while negotiated with numerous airports at once. These contracts gave Ryanair an edge over the competition because it lowered their fees and the contracts lasted 5-10 years. -Ryanair started using online booking through its website and used several computerized reservation systems which the travel agents were used to. The online booking reduced the number of its employees while the reservation systems increased customer satisfaction. Ryanair also shifted its fleet to the Boeing 737 aircraft by buying at the end of the worldwide recession in the airline industry and getting very low prices which gave them a competitive edge. Ryanair’s changed its workplace environment also which helped it become more profitable. They made the environment informal and flexible so that it’s the employees could be more efficient and productive. Almost all employees were paid based on their productivity. These incentives were made so that the employees could put more effort. From a marketing standpoint, Ryanair established itself as a lo w-cost, low-fare airline. Ryanair advertised in newspapers, radio and television. They relied heavily of word-of-mouth advertising by satisfied customers. The case also mentions that â€Å"many customers found their way to Ryanair not because of advertising, but because they asked their travel agent for the absolute lowest fare. † Ryanair had many ancillary services that served as additional sources of revenue. On the flights, the spaces behind seat-back trays and on headsets were sold to advertisers. The case also mentions that â€Å"advertisers could emblazon the exterior of a Ryanair plane with a corporate logo for a fee of 150,000 – 200,000 per year†. In-flight magazines were also consisted purely of advertisements. Ryanair made a profit on its publication, which was not common in the industry. Lastly, charter flights and car rental referral fees also brought in additional revenue. 3. What is the most serious threat Ryanair faces today? Why? How should they address it? Imitation is one of the most serious threats that Ryanair faces today. Even though Ryanair’s entire business model is to have a low-cost strategy, which it has done successfully, it is easily imitated by many entrepreneurial airlines as the case mentions, some of which have been successful and some of which not been so successful. The ability for Ryanairs business model to be imitated is a big threat which is further extended because of the deregulation by the government which allows many airlines to enter the market and use the same strategy as Ryanair. The most serious threat that Ryanair faces is competition and rivalry from British Airway’s Go. Go has been able to use the strong brand image of British Airways to give their brand a competitive edge. Go is a low-cost airline that is still offering some of the service that British Airways is known for. Passengers are still given a seat assignment, have available an on-board food franchise from a relatively upscale caterer, and has award winning coffee. All these amenities along with low-cost are going to differentiate Go from Ryanair. Customers will be willing to pay more for Go and they will be able to create and claim more value as a result. Additionally, According to Exhibit 5, Go has a lower average arrival day for all U. K. arrivals at 12. 0 minutes compared to Ryanair’s 15. 6 minutes. Portion of flights that arrive early or less than 15 minutes late are also higher for GO than for Ryanair. Go is also doing much better than expected. In September, 1999, the company announced its first profitable quarter while Go’s original business plan called for 2001 to be the first profitable year. Because of all this competition, the only differentiating factor to compete on is price. Since prices are already so low, having price-wars have a huge impact on Ryanair’s profit margins. Ryanair needs to address this growing imitation, competition, and rivalry(specifically from a company like Go) before it is too late. They need to control the low-cost segment of the market and ease Go out of the market. There are many potential ways in which Ryanair can address this issue. One recommendation that Ryanair should consider is the expanding outside Europe to a wider market, such as the transatlantic routes which account for more flights and more customers. By moving into this new market with its low fare strategy and added options, Ryanair can utilize its existing core competencies and further expand and control the low-cost segment of the market becoming a true leader in the market.

Palliative care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Palliative care - Essay Example It is implementable for any age and/or stage with serious illness. This is generally provided with curative treatment which has proven to be even more helpful, however for treatment of last stage cancers curative intent is rationally set aside while providing palliative care alone. The concept care started in 2006 in the United States which late matured into a board certified program having specialties in sub-groups of diseases. It is now a multidisciplinary approach for patient care. The terminology differentiates from Hospice Care in certain respects. Palliative Care is given to chronically ill patients and have serious prognosis whereas Hospice Care is given to patients that have less than six months to live if the illness follows its usual course. World Health Organization states that Palliative Care is an approach which improves quality of living of patients and their ambiance who face problems which are life threatening, their prevention, cure and relief involve early identification, apt assessment and their physical, psychosocial and social treatment (WHO, 2009). Palliative Care refers to care which alleviates symptoms and there cure is not possible through simple procedures. It addresses side effects and involves a careful chemotherapy and other relevant measures. It is pertinent to mention here that the term ‘Palliative Care’ involves administration to diseases like cancer, renal disease, chronic heart failure, HIV/AIDS, progressive pulmonary disorders and progressive neurological problems like complicated Schizophrenia. The treatments in above mentioned cases cause psychological, social, spiritual and physical distress. And Palliative Care causes this aggravated condition complex to mitigate. Like emergency care, Palliative Care has its own significance which is substantial. This section deals with the communication

Action Research Plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Action Research Plan - Coursework Example It makes it hard and more expensive to access credit. It also increases the demand for basic necessities and essential human services. Financial crisis also brings about downward pressure on the government and philanthropic revenue sources. It also takes non-profit organizations long to recover from a financial crisis. This is due to the state budget timing and depressive giving rates. Collaboration is one way in which non-profit organizations can deal with a financial crisis. Non-profit organizations should enter into mergers and alliances with other organizations so as to fulfill a mutual mission. Collaboration should range from planning and analysis to implementation and forecasting. This makes it easy for a non-profit organization to cope during a financial crisis. During a financial distress, the leaders of a non-profit organization should start viewing it as a business. They should do this when a financial crisis is forecasted. This ensures that there are good financial reporting and measures of success (Landskroner, 2002). Therefore, non-profit organizations should take appropriate measures prior to a financial crisis. Good preparation ensures that non-profit organizations do not get affected badly by a financial crisis. It is also important for non-profit organizations to collaborate with other organizations so as to reduce the effects brought about by a financial

Health and Safety Management in Healthcare Setting

Health and Safety Management in Healthcare Setting 1.2 Assess the responsibilities in a specific health and social care workplace for the management of health and safety, in relation to organisational structures. Chief executive officers( CEO) stakeholder Manager Deputy manager Unit manger Administer Human resource nurse Housekeeper Hospitality Domestic Senior carer Care staff receptionist Activity cleaner As a CEO for a company the vision is determine and communicate organisation strategic and direction. Without direction the organisation is simply a group of people pursuing individual goals, guided by their own values. Only the CEO can accomplish the task of balancing resources the most important ones are capital and people. The CEO makes sure they are available in the appropriate numbers and at the right time for the company to succeed. Culture is the set of shared attitudes, goals, behaviours and values that describe a group. It improves how things get done at a business level and influences the entirety of the employee experience and thus the clients experience. Making good decisions is important as a new CEO is often surprised by the magnitude of issues confronting him or her. One minute the CEO is discussing a new product, or next a human resources issue. The CEO Oversee and deliver the organization performance. Everyone agrees that the CEO is ultimately responsible for a companys performance. To be successful, he or she must take an active part in motivating change. Manager responsibility is to monitor and evaluate health and safety policy and to implement new guide line. This is carry out in looking at the workplace though inspection and auditing information thought management structure .A good manager is not measured by what he does but by what he can get others to do .He often direct people in directions that they do not want to go, by getting them to do things that they would not otherwise do. A manager must be able to set a vision for his organisation and to support his staff to see the importance of that vision. In my work place it is the responsible of my manager and deputy manager for training the staffin health and safety issue as this may take place in the course of their duties.They are train in the basic regulations such as cleanliness which is important in avoiding food poisoning. In addition, ensuing that equipments are continuously kept at their selected places and there is an active procedure of disposing of waste to increases sa fety. There are security issues that can impart on reducing of hazards. For instance, all staff should be aware of hazard to reduce accident and near misses. Also as manager they make sure that staffs are train in health and safety issues in the workplace. They also involved in purchasing safety requirements and developing safety policies in the organization while making sure staff are following and carry them out in their daily activated. Deputy manager work with the manager to make sure staff or educated and that all safety policies of the organizations are followed through constant monitoring, thought audit and recording of information about each staff member .A deputy manager work with a general manager to assist in the day to day running of the organisation when the manager is not around the deputy take over the responsibility they are there to support the staff ,while carrying out there administrate dutiesand perform humanresource tasks, such as recruiting and assessing staff performance. The deputy preforms many jobs like, implementation of business procedures that help you to save time and money in the organisation by increasing efficiency. This work best with staff having a set processes to follow which help them to get more done in lest time, this will free up more time for the deputy to get back to more serous things, more than just the day to day running of the organisation if they have more competent staff .Policy and procedures can also improve the reliability and service delivery by your staff. Also assisting General Managers, Controlling cost or expenditure, maintain quality standards. Training employees, Budgeting, Preparing reports, attending meeting and Doing presentations. As employees my responsible is to follow the security policies implemented by the organization. Also report any cases of hazards or any faulty equipments to prevention any accident from happening. Nurse are responsible for their care staff who are working with them they make sure staff are flowing the policy and procedure while carry out their duties they delegate to senior staff while supervising them to follow the health and safety training they attend and make sure paperwork or up to date accrue and clear. Hospitality team make sure they are following the health and safety guideline when handle food, and the food hygiene procedure. (Food safety act 1990) Domestic and cleaners must follow the policy and procedure regarding health and safety because of the chemical they work with can be dangerous for other. COSHH is the control of substance that is hazardous to health and therefore must be lock away and only person who have control and responsibility can access it. You can prevent or reduce workers expose to hazardous. 1.3 Analyse health and safety priorities appropriate for a specific health and social care workplace Health and safety priorities in my work environment is every ones job to make sure you are safe .health and safety looks at different types of safety issues like food hygiene ,fire safety ,first aid and RIDDOR. Employers must safeguard their staff from harm the health safety and welfare of their employees and others is paramount. All accidents should be reported to my supervisor minor or major accident or injuries If there is an accident related to your work and your employee, or self-employed person working on the premises that sustain a major injury, or a member of public suffers an injury and is taken to hospital from the site of the accident this is reportable under ( RIDDOR). Or a doctor tells you have a work-related disease or condition you need to report it. But, as a self-employed person you dont need to notify immediately if you suffer a major injury on your own premises. Dangerous occurrence you will have to notify the enforcing authority if you are off work for more than three days if it is a work related illness and for disease it should be reported as soon as the doctor tells you. (RIDDOR REGULATOR1995) Reportable dangerous occurrences like if someone Collapse, explosion, fire or electrical short circuit or lifting equipment malfunction reporting information late or not at all can become a habit and this can lead to you being prosecute Safety consultants(SC): Are employed by the organization to train the employees or install equipment that can help you to deal with danger in the work place. They a provide information to the management on laws and regulations with regards to safety in the work environment. A first aid box should be fully stocked this box is green. Also a person is appointed to take charge in an emergency situation most work place have a first aider on all shift to assist staff. fire safety employer has policy and procedure for fire safety and what to do in case of a fire also ways to prevent fire and who you raise the alarm if you discover a fire in the building .how the emergency evacuation process is pre-arranged and designated area or assembles point. Why are they not following the policy and procedure did your staff understand the training was it clear ,did they get a change to ask question .where they supervise first time doing task did you give enough information on subject also are they aware of the law government the policy procedure in regard to complaint within the guideline. Is the training up to date with new guideline is the equipment up to date or they pat tested are they being encourage to follow the policy is there anything else the company can do. Are they aware if they are found in breach of the law that they can face prosecution is the company aware of what is going wrong and are they working on making it right if someone lost their life you are unable to get that person back and that would mean you will have to live with it but also paid for it with their life it could mean that someone maybe be behind bar .why they do not want to change and bully anyone who try to do the right thing. Sometime the staffs do not want to do extra work and find it hard to follow the policy and procedure of their organisation. 2.1 Analyse how information from risk assessments inform care planning for individuals and organisation decision making about policy and procedures. A 75 year old lady was admitted to smart care home for the elderly, she is diagnosed with dementia. She as loss of memory and sometimes she is confused, in the last few weeks she has fallen 3 times as this as to do with her mobility and the medication she is taking daily and what she is eating and drinking . Due to the mobility of miss G regarding the risk assessment that has been done she needs support to mobilise well, staff is responsible to make sure when she is walking she has her walking aids to support her at all times, and that there is someone with her .staff are reminded to follow the manual handling procedure when moving or handling clients. Miss G was seen by the her doctor and was referred to see an occupational health therapies team to assess her mobility to get the best aids and equipment she needs while making sure her best interest is at the heart of what you are doing, making sure she is involve as much as possible. Make sure the walk way is clear of any derbies to prevent trips and falls. Due to the facts that miss G is suffering from dementia and memory loss and get confused she find it increasing difficulty when speaking. It is important to keep communicating with her or use different method to support her. Like using picture chart with family member, charts that as picture of food and drink items. Because of the memory loss miss G tend to wander off some times and get confused and forget where she was going this lead to her feeling anxious and agitated, also new surrounding and people can cause her to be confuse so as staff we have to reassure her more as she become easily disorientated, and sometimes she can harm herself and this is others so support is needed but not restriction. Refer back to the risk assessment to safe guard client. Medication can cause different side effect she needs to have the right dosages also making sure that she is taking them. If you are concern about her having side effect like having upset stomach or nausea you must inform the doctor so her medication can be review. Staff must attended on-going training about medication, while following the correct procedure an how to administer and the storage of medication. Also monitor the wellbeing of miss G with the support of other professionals. Medication risk assessment form is there to make sure we are not overlooking risk when dealing with medication. Miss G find it difficult to Eat and Drink sometime because she forget what she was doing because of the dementia so you have to supervise her ,she do not have much of an appetite and if she is not having enough to eat it can lead to weight loss. Miss G will have to be place on a food plan to monitor her input and output ratio and a weekly weight plan to see how much weight she is losing, by fortified her meals it will help her to maintain her weight while the doctor is inform so she can be assessed by a dietician in case she need additional supplements. Personal hygiene for miss G can be changeling due to her age and the dementia as much as possible we try to explain what is happen to her .good personal hygiene have to be maintain because of infection that can accrue that can lead to her skin breaking down. When assisting miss G with personal care she find it hard and sometime she can be aggressive so too staff much assist and reassure her. Regular check should be done to prevent and relieve pressure area and skin integrity making sure we are using the correct hygiene product we can include a weekly body map to note any changes. Staff should be reminded when assisting client to maintain respect, dignity and choice. When transporting miss G to appointment she must be supported with the right equipment like wheel chair and ramp to get her an the transport and staff should attend with her. Make sure right transport is book and that miss G is ready in advance so you are not rushing her follow the policy and procedure when moving and handling. Risk assessment state that she should be accompany by at least one staff for her safety. The aim of this care plan is to make sure that miss G get the best possible care while taking in to account her rights ,choice and maintaining her independence. References Business Advice Directory (2011) CQC Compliant Drug Medications Management (2017) eporting_an_accident_late_better_than_never_/UKTAHSAR_EU100302/related access online 27/2/17 Harding M, et al (2014) Memory Loss and Dementia http://businessdatabase.indicator.co.uk/business_advice_directory/articles/riddor/is_r access online 27/2/17 http://patient.info/health/memory-loss-and-dementia http://smallbusiness.chron.com/top-three-responsibilities-manager-36561.html access online 26/2/17 http://www.academia.edu/11781597/Health_and_safety_in_health_and_social_care_organization access online 26/2/17 http://www.jobisjob.co.uk/deputy-manager/job-description access online 26/2/17 http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/dementia-guide/Pages/symptoms-of-dementia.aspx access online 2/3/17 http://www.qcs.co.uk/care-nursing-homes/medications-management/?gclid=CI3ktuyKuNICFYm4GwodNPEJ1w access online 2/3/17 http://www.seton.com/blog/2013/06/the-importance-of-first-aid access online 27/2/17 http://www.south-yrshire.gov.uk/environmentalhealth/healthandsafety/accidents.aspx access online 27/2/17 http://www.tutorcare.co.uk/blog/the-importance-of-fire-safety-in-a-care-environment-479.html access online 27/2/17 https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/233354 https:h//barbradozier.wordpress.com/2013/07/24/health-and-safety-in-the-health-and-social-care-workplace/ access online 26/2/17 NHS Choices (2015) Symptoms of dementia Queensland government (2016) Woodman c (2017) the Top Three Responsibilities of a Manager www.business.qld.gov.au/starting-business/planning/business-planning/processes-procedures-standards access online 26/2/17

Crime Reporting

William P Obptande Check Point Crime Reporting and Rates Response Write a 200- to 300-word response in which you address the following questions: What is the purpose of major crime-reporting programs? What makes a successful crime-reporting program in the United States? Programs generally report little detailed information about program expenditures and results. Consequently, it is difficult to hold programs accountable for performance. There is also a lack of information about which programs are effective in reducing crime, due to the small number of programs that are evaluated for effectiveness. In addition, even when information is available, it is not consistently used to modify program design and funding. There is a lack of coordination among the multiple state departments that administer crime prevention programs which results in duplication of effort and inefficiencies. Develop standardized review criteria which can be used to determine funding allocations for new and existing crime prevention programs. Require and fund well-designed impact evaluations that increase knowledge about the types of crime prevention programs which are effective, and therefore should be funded. Establish a state crime prevention office within an existing entity or new organization to develop a strategic plan to coordinate statewide crime prevention activities. How do crime rates relate to arrest rates and clearance rates? Is there a way to improve the correlation between crime rates, arrest rates, and clearance rates in the effort to combat criminal activity? *   Clearance rate is calculated by dividing the number of crimes that are â€Å"cleared† e. g. due to a charge being laid) by the total number of crimes recorded. These are used by various criminal justice groups as a measure of crimes solved by the police. Clearance rates can be very problematic for measuring the performance of police services and for comparing various police services. This is because a police force may employ a very different way of measuring clearance rates. For example, each police force may have a different method of recording when a â€Å"crime† has occurred and different criteria for determining when a crime has been â€Å"cleared. One police force may appear to have a much better clearance rate simply because of its calculation methodology. In System Conflict Theory, it is argued that clearance rates cause the police to focus on appearing to solve crimes (generating high clearance rate scores) rather than actually solving crimes. Further focus on clearance rates may result in effort being expended to attribute crimes (correctly or incorrectly) to a criminal, which may not result in retribution, compensation, re habilitation or deterrence.

Ecosphere

This experiment tested the Earth and how the bio-geochemical cycles within it rely on each other. The worms relied on the ground for shelter and the plant for oxygen. The Ecosphere also evaluated limiting factors within an ecosystem because the bottle used was a small, contained environment. For example, one of the three worms had died because it got stuck between the plant and the side of the bottle. This is a limiting factor in terms of space: if there was more space for the worm this would not have happened. Question: If one producer and one consumer are to maintain a viable ecosystem in a bottle, how long will they survive? Hypothesis: I believe the outcome of the experiment will be that all of the worms will survive and the plant will not. The worms will survive because I will be feeding them sawdust, their desired food, and they will have plenty of dirt to wiggle around in. The plant, however, will not survive because the plant’s resources are limited. The soil put into the ecosphere is not going to be changed out, therefore the nutrients in it will diminish. Background Information: The EcoSphere is a display of a working ecological system. While it is beautiful to view, it also demonstrates the delicate balance of a closed ecosystem like the Earth. Contained within the completely sealed glass is a small variety of biota living in a filtered environment. The EcoSphere contains some of the same essential elements that are found on our planet. The Earth is represented by the soil at the bottom. Fire is the light, which streams in each day. Finally, life: the worms, plant and microbes that live in the EcoSphere. The EcoSphere's biological cycle represents a simple version of Earth's' own ecosystem. Light together with carbon dioxide in the water enables the plant to produce oxygen by photosynthesis. The worms breathe the oxygen in the ahir while nibbling on the sawdust which is fed to them and bacteria. The bacteria break down the animal waste into nutrients, which the plant utilizes. The worms and bacteria also give off carbon dioxide, which the plant again use to produce oxygen. And so the cycle renews itself. Materials: – one 1 liter coke bottle with cap – one plant (bought from pet store) – 3 Super Worms – 2 cups of soil – water – sunlight – sawdust (food) – scissors – duct tape – notebook to record data Procedure: All the materials were collected. Then, a scissor was used to cut a half moon shaped opening in the top of the bottle, approximately 1 inch below the cap. Next, half the soil was pored into the opening. Then the plant was placed into the soil, while poring the other half over the bottom of the plant to ensure proper growth. After, 3 super worms were put into the Ecosphere with some sawdust. The EcoSphere was taped shut and placed on a windowsill with good sunlight exposure. Data was recorded at that moment and everyday, for 20 days, following. Analysis: My hypothesis was very incorrect. Two superworms ended up surviving, while the plant was wilting and struggling. One superworm died due to it getting stuck. Unable to get out, I assume it died of starvation or hypothermia because the worms spent all of their time under the soil. I believe the plant wilted because it did not have enough space and oxygen inside of the EcoSphere. During the experiment, I believe the EcoSphere was knocked off the window. This could have hindered the plant’s growth also. The plant could have been up-rooted during the fall causing its deterioration. Conclusion: In conclusion, the EcoSphere project is important to our curriculum because it evaluates the bio-geochemical cycles, as well as tests limiting factors. An error made with this experiment was it being knocked over. This was very detrimental to the worms and could have been fatal for the plant.

How and When to Write a Law School Addendum

In law school applications, the addendum is an optional additional essay that explains an unusual circumstance or weakness in your file.  Situations in which an addendum is warranted include a failing grade, gaps in your academic career, significant differences in LSAT scores, disciplinary concerns, and medical or family emergencies. Keep in mind that not all students need to submit an addendum with their law school application. In fact, submitting an unnecessary addendum is not a good idea. You should only write an addendum if the additional information is necessary to fully and accurately represent yourself. Low GPA If your GPA and LSAT score are mismatched (i.e., low GPA and high LSAT), or your GPA does not represent your abilities overall, you may wish to include an explanation of the circumstances in an addendum. In some cases, a difficult grading curve, or an especially low grade in a course or two, can wreak havoc on your GPA. Make sure you explain the specific circumstances clearly and succinctly. If you had to withdraw from a course due to a family crisis or financial issues, explain so in your addendum. Similarly, if you suffered from an untreated learning disability that impacted your first semester grades in college, make sure the admissions office is aware of the situation and the actions that you have taken to remedy the situation.   The addendum is not a place to vent your frustrations about a professor’s unfair grading policies or a course you didn’t like. Stick to the facts and make sure that the addendum explains proactive measures you have taken to make sure the issue does not reoccur. Make sure your addendum demonstrates that you have the ability to excel in a challenging academic environment. Low LSAT Scores In general, using the addendum to explain a low LSAT score is not recommended. LSAT scores can be canceled (for up to six calendar days after the test) and the LSAT can be retaken, so this is not an area that usually requires explanation. However, if you experienced a significant family emergency, you may have a reasonable explanation for why you did not cancel your LSAT score. In addition, some students have a history of high performance in school, but low performance on standardized tests. This is a circumstance that can be explained and supported with examples and would be helpful for the admissions office to know.   You should not write an addendum that offers only excuses for why your LSAT score is low. If you find yourself complaining about an unusually challenging course load as a rationale for a low LSAT score, you may want to rethink your decision to provide an addendum. Some schools, such as the University of Chicago, require applicants to explain significant changes in LSAT scores. Be sure to check each law school’s requirements carefully. Disciplinary or Criminal Record The law school application includes questions related to the character and fitness of applicants.  These questions vary from school to school, but they all have a similar goal: to ensure that applicants are â€Å"fit† to become members of the bar upon graduation. If you had to answer yes to questions about academic dishonesty or criminal incidents, you are required to explain the circumstances in an addendum. Provide all facts about the incident, including date, location, charge, disposition of the case, and penalties or fines imposed. If you are unsure of any details of the incident, check with the relevant local authorities to ensure you provide accurate information. State and county offices or your local school should have records of the offense. If you are unable to obtain the records and are unsure of some of the details, say so in the addendum when describing the incident. The accuracy and honesty of your explanation will have repercussions beyond your law school admissions results. According to LSAC: The legal profession requires its members to behave ethically in the practice of law at all times, in order to protect the interests of clients and the public.† This ethical expectation begins with the submission of your law school application. When you apply to the bar, you will be expected to answer similar questions about character and fitness, and your answers will be cross-checked with the answers you wrote when you applied to law school. Other Unusual Circumstances Beyond the typical reasons for providing an addendum, there are other valid but less common reasons, such as work requirements and health issues. Applicants who were required to work to support themselves during college should explain their circumstances in an addendum. Make sure to provide details about your financial responsibilities and the number of hours you worked during the school year. If your work schedule had a negative impact on your grades, be sure to explain this as well. It is also helpful to share any benefits you gained from your work experience during college. (For example, perhaps you became more focused and dedicated because your free time was limited.) Students who suffer from significant or chronic health conditions may also wish to share their circumstances in an addendum. Any medical issues that caused limitations in your ability to go to class or complete assignments on time should be explained, particularly if your grades were affected. Try to be clear and concise in your explanation, and provide information about your current condition and prognosis, if possible. Length and Formatting The addendum should be no longer than one page; typically, a few paragraphs suffice. Label the addendum with your name and CAS (Credential Assembly Service) number for reference.  The structure of the addendum can be simple and straightforward: state the topic you want to explain, make the point you want to communicate, and then offer a short explanation. According to Columbia Law School: â€Å"We strongly suggest that applicants use their best judgment, in terms of content and length, when considering the submission of supplemental materials.† Review the application instructions for the law schools to which you’re applying  to determine exactly what to include in your addendum. When Not to Submit an Addendum The primary reason not to submit an addendum is that your application is complete without one, and no part of your application requires further explanation. As Yale Law indicates: â€Å"It is not necessary to include any, and many applicants do not include addenda. â€Å" Minor differences in LSAT scores are not a good reason to submit an addendum. The addendum is also not an opportunity to restate information that is already included in your application or share complaints about your undergraduate GPA. As you decide whether or not to include an addendum, consider whether the information that you’ll be providing is new and relevant. If its not, it might be best to exclude the addendum.